CRIMINAL JURISDICTION

Criminal Law Blog by Defense Lawyer John Floyd and Mr. Billy Sinclair

October 29, 2011

ANOTHER INNOCENT MAN FREED AFTER MISTAKEN IDENTIFICATION

Innocence Project Strikes Again: Henry James Freed After 30 Years

By: Houston Criminal Lawyer John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair

Thanks to the efforts of the New York-based Innocence Project, Henry James became the 273rd inmate in this country to be exonerated by DNA evidence. The first inmate exonerated by DNA came in 1989, and according to the Innocence Project, there have been 206 DNA exonerations since 2000. James, who was 20 years of age when arrested for the aggravated rape of a neighbor, served one month sigh of 30 years in the Louisiana prison system for that wrongful conviction. The average amount of time served by all the DNA exonerees is 13 years.

That Henry James is a free man today is nothing short of a miracle. James Trigg, director of the New Orleans chapter of the Innocence Project, spearheaded the release effort of James. It was a difficult effort, as Trigg told the AP, because it was believed that all the original evidence in the case was lost. Then in May 2010 a Jefferson Parish crime lab technician named Milton Dureau, who was working on another case, stumbled upon a “slide of evidence” which had been used in the James case. DNA testing of that evidence clearly established James’ innocence. Vanessa Potkin, a Senior Staff attorney with the Innocence Project, said after James’ exoneration:

“Far too often searches for DNA evidence in old cases come up empty handed, which is why the federal government set up the Bloodsworth grant program to help police crime labs catalogue evidence. New Orleans Parish has already taken advantage of this program, but as this case so clearly demonstrates, jurisdictions everywhere must do a better job of cataloguing evidence to help correct injustice.”

After exhausting all his legal appeals, James seemed destined to spend the rest of his life at the Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola. Then the Innocence Project and the law firm of Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP believed his longstanding pleas of innocence and took up his freedom cause. This legal team filed a motion seeking DNA testing of the original “rape kit,” and while the Jefferson Parish crime lab was “cooperative,” the initial search for this evidence produced no results. A follow up search in February 2010 produced the same disheartening result. But then Dureau came across the “slide” evidence and the DNA test results released in September 2011 revealed James was, in fact, innocent as he had claimed all along.

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October 21, 2011

“PROSECUTOR OF THE YEAR” FEELS THE HEAT

Williamson County Justice System under Scrutiny by State Bar of Texas

By: Houston Criminal Lawyer John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair

Since our last post about the tragic case of Michael Morton, the “prosecutor of the year” in that case, now District Judge Ken Anderson, and his cohort, Mike Davis, who actually prosecuted Morton for the 1986 murder of his wife, face investigations by the State Bar of Texas and Morton’s attorneys, according to the Austin Statesman. The State Bar investigation is, as the newspaper accurately reported, a “rare step” by the Bar, as is the public acknowledgement that it has undertaken a disciplinary investigation against two of its members. Morton was freed from the state’s prison system on October 4, 2011 after serving 25 years for a murder he did not commit and on October 11, 2011 the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals formally exonerated the man after DNA testing of a critical piece of evidence not only cleared Morton of the murder of his wife but identified the real killer as well.

Anderson and Davis, along with key law enforcement personnel, withheld critical evidence at Morton’s 1987 trial which almost certainly led to his wrongful conviction. For example, the prosecutors withheld the transcript of an interview with Morton’s mother-in-law who questioned the couple’s 3-year-old son shortly after his mother, Christine, was beaten to death with a “billy club.” The boy told his grandmother that he saw his mother beaten to death and that his father was not at home at the time of the murder. Other significant evidence withheld was a document disclosing that Christine’s credit card, which was in her purse and taken by her killer, was used in a San Antonio store, and another document showing that a check made out to Christine was cashed nine days after her death and the signature on it appeared to be a forgery.

While the prosecutors and law enforcement withheld this critical evidence and focused their sole attention on convicting Morton for murdering his wife, the real killer, who has only been identified as “John Doe” pending further investigation, was roaming the streets of Austin where he killed yet another woman in 1987—the same year Williamson County officials were wrongfully convicting Morton for the brutal murder of his wife.

Maureen Ray, who works in the office of the chief disciplinary counsel for the State Bar told the Statesman: “We decided, because of the high-profile nature of the thing, that we were going to tell the public that we were looking into it.”

Anderson is none too happy about either the State Bar’s investigation or the investigation by Morton’s attorneys into his handling of the murder case. Through his attorney Mark Dietz, the “prosecutor of the year” filed a motion contending that District Judge Sid Harle did not have “jurisdiction” to issue a subpoena in connection with the investigation being sought by Morton’s attorneys into “professional misconduct” accusations leveled against both Anderson and Davis.

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May 31, 2011

REQUESTS FOR DNA TESTING PRESENT ENORMOUS CHALLENGES

Filed under: Death Penalty Crimes Lawyer — Tags: , , , — johntfloyd @ 2:23 pm

Right to Appointed Counsel Not Absolute: Courts Only Required to Appoint Counsel if Reasonable Grounds Exist for DNA Testing

By: Houston Criminal Lawyer John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair

Ruben Gutierrez was convicted of capital murder and sentenced to death for the September 5, 1998 robbery/murder of 85-year-old Escolastica Harrison in Brownsville. The elderly woman owned a mobile home park and the trailer in which she lived doubled as an office. Gutierrez was a friend of Harrison’s nephew. He and the nephew, with other neighbors, frequently gathered behind the Harrison trailer to drink and socialize. Through this relationship Gutierrez got to know a lot about how Harrison conducted her business affairs; specifically, that she did not trust banks and kept all of her money in her trailer/office. Gutierrez was one of the few people who knew Harrison kept large sums of money in the trailer.

According to court records, the 21-year-old Gutierrez concocted a plan to “rip-off” Harrison. He recruited two accomplices, Rene and Pedro Garcia, to help him carry out the robbery scheme. On September 5 Gutierrez and Rene Garcia entered the Harrison trailer. When they left with some $600,000.00 Harrison lay dead or dying in a pool of blood, having been stabbed numerous times with two screwdrivers as well as having been severely beaten. Who did what inside the trailer is subject to some dispute. What is virtually certain is that Pedro Garcia remained in a getaway vehicle nearby.

The ensuing police investigation developed information from Harrison’s nephew and four other witnesses that Gutierrez had been seen in the trailer park on the day Harrison was murdered. Three days after the Harrison murder the police went to Gutierrez’s home only to learn he was not there, but they were assured by his mother that she would bring him to the police station. The following day Gutierrez went to the police station and provided investigators with an alibi for the day of Harrison’s murder. He told police he and a friend drove around in the friend’s Corvette all that day, but after interviewing the friend, the police found the alibi did not stand up.

Over the next four days the police arrested Rene and Pedro Garcia who gave statements implicating Gutierrez in the Harrison murder. The police arrested Gutierrez who gave them a second statement. This time he told the police that although he planned the Harrison “rip off,” it was the Garcias who entered the Harrison trailer while he waited in the park. He said that when the Garcias came to pick him up, Rene Garcia had a screwdriver with a lot of blood on it and stated he had killed Harrison. The Garcias, according to Gutierrez, had taken a blue suitcase and a tackle box filled with Harrison’s money. Saying he was repulsed by the murder, Gutierrez told the police he told the Garcias he did not want any of the money and led the police on an unfruitful search for the blue suitcase where he said the Garcias had thrown it.

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August 1, 2010

MISTAKEN IDENTIFICATIONS SENT TWO INNOCENT MEN TO PRISON

Suggestive Police Procedures and Mistaken Identification Resulted in Two More Wrongful Convictions and Incarcerations, One for 27 Years

By: Houston Criminal Attorney John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair

Our criminal justice system is flawed. Its imperfections can be found in the 255 DNA exonerations of innocent offenders and the 138 people released from death row since 1973 in this country. But, paradoxically, its perfection lies in its willingness and ability to correct the imperfections brought about by human mistake. According to the New York-based Innocence Project, mistaken identification is the “greatest cause for wrongful convictions,” playing a role in 75 percent of the nation’s DNA exonerations. Twice this year we have posted pieces dealing with the dangers, and, yes, tragedies caused by, the mistaken pointed finger (here and here).

Two recent Harris County cases involving wrongful convictions of innocent men brought about because of mistaken identification illustrate not only the tragedy but just how easy it for an innocent man to be sent to prison, especially with emotionally charged crimes such as sexual assault. The first case brought to the public’s attention by the Houston Chronicle (here, here, here, and here) was Allen Wayne Porter who was convicted of rape and robbery in 1991. The case from the outset had some strange twists and turns.

In June 1990, three armed masked men invaded a Houston apartment where they terrorized and robbed its four occupants, and also raped its two female occupants. The apartment reportedly was the residence of a known drug dealer and the armed intruders were looking for $30,000 in cash. The leader of the trio was Porter’s nephew, a man named Jimmy Hatton. Another man, though never charged with the crime, named Perry Harrison would later admit to being one of the other two men who accompanied Hatton. The robbers were driven to the drug dealer’s apartment by Hatton’s former wife, Stephanie Wallace-Venters.

Hatton was arrested shortly after the home invasion. He was put on trial in December 1990. He was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. Porter attended the trial and was seen by one of the rape victims who immediately identified him as one of her attackers. Porter was arrested, put to trial in 1991, and, like his nephew, was convicted and sentenced to life in prison.

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May 18, 2010

TWO MORE DNA EXONERATIONS

Criminal Defense Lawyers Must Never Give up, Never Lose Faith That Justice Will Ultimately Prevail

By: Houston Criminal Attorney John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair

There have been at least 254 DNA exonerations in this country, according to the Innocence Project of New York. Each new DNA exoneration cast a dark shadow over the nation’s criminal justice system, particularly its judicial system. These exonerations are not only a barometer for measuring the imperfections of our system of justice but the failings of its adversarial nature either through law enforcement misconduct or “tunnel vision,” prosecutorial zeal or ineffective defense representation. It is a shame each of us involved the justice system must endure, a constant reminder that we can all do better; that we must do better.

The latest two DNA exonerations—one in New York, the other in Ohio—really underscore that point. In November 1988, Viola Manville, a 74-year-old grandmother, was bludgeoned to death in Monroe County, New York. The elderly woman was attacked as she walked near her home in Hilton, a Rochester suburb.

In July 1991 Frank Sterling, a truck driver, was questioned about the Manville murder. After an all-night interrogation session (which had been preceded by a 36-hour work shift), Sterling confessed to the brutal murder. He later recanted the confession, claiming he slipped into a “hypnotic state” and simply recounted details about the crime given to him by the police. He was convicted and sentenced to 25 years to life in the New York prison system.

In 1994 Mark Christie was imprisoned for the strangulation death of a four year old neighbor, Kali Ann Poulton. It would prove to be a significant development in the Sterling case.

Sterling’s attorney, Donald Thompson, had worked since the mid-1990s to establish his client’s innocence. In 2004 he managed to enlist the support of the Innocence Project to help him. The project obtained DNA evidence from Manville’s clothes, and while it was not a definitive match, the match was sufficient to identify Mark Christie as the potential murderer. After two interview sessions with John G. Reid & Associates, a private investigation firm that specializes in interrogation techniques and hired by the Innocence Project, Christie confessed, providing details only the killer would know.

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February 26, 2010

PROBLEMS WITH POSITIVE IDENTIFICATIONS

Leading Cause of Wrongful Convictions: Mistaken Identification by Eyewitnesses

By: Houston Criminal Attorney John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair

There have been 251 innocent people exonerated in this country by DNA evidence over the last two decades. The most disturbing aspect of this phenomenon of “convicting the innocent” is that more than 75 percent of those convictions involved mistaken identifications (according to the New York-based Innocence Project)—one or more witnesses pointing a finger of guilt at the wrong person. What is even more disturbing is that at least one-third of these mistaken identification cases involved two or more witnesses.

The lesson in these shocking figures is that what people see, or believe they saw, is not always reliable. This is especially true when the witness identification procedure is corrupted by rogue cops deliberately trying to frame innocent individuals. That’s what happened to Donald Wayne Good who, on June 18, 1983, was arrested, charged, convicted, and sentenced to life imprisonment in Irving, Texas for an aggravated rape, aggravated robbery, and burglary of a habitation for which he did not commit.

Beyond a doubt someone did break into the home of “Jane Doe,” bound her and her eight-year-old daughter, and forced Doe into a bedroom in the home where he raped the mother. The local Irving Police Department arrived after and processed the crime scene. The rape victim was taken to a local hospital where a “rape kit” examination was performed. After this examination was conducted, the victim met with investigators at which time she described her attacker as a white male in his mid-20s, six feet tall, weighing 190 pounds, clean shaven, with a dark tanned medium or large build, and blondish-brown hair. Based on this description, a police sketched artist prepared a “composite sketch” which was distributed throughout the Irving Police Department.

This is where Irving police detective Fred Curtis came into the picture. One of the detectives assigned to the Doe rape investigation, Curtis had been investigating a number of other “unsolved daytime burglaries” in the area. Curtis believed Good, who had been arrested three days (and subsequently released) before the Doe rape for bond forfeiture of a previous DWI arrest, was involved in the daytime burglaries. The detective called Good into his office to interview him about the string of burglaries. The interrogation didn’t go well for Curtis because Good refused to cooperate with the investigation. At this point in the interrogation the detective snatched up the composite sketch of the Doe rapist he had just received and told Good he looked “somewhat similar” to the rapist. And the detective then threatened Good by telling the suspect that he could “fix it” to make sure Good looked just like the Doe rapist if he didn’t cooperate. Good still refused to cooperate.

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